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FAQ | Calculators

Scientific calculator features and usage

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Why aren't powers/exponents being calculated properly when I use the [EXP] key?

The [EXP] key is used for scientific notation, not for entering powers. It is the same as saying "times 10 to the power of". Whatever number is entered immediately after that is the power that 10 is raised to. To raise a number to a power, use the [^] key. For example, let us say you want to enter 6 to the 4th power. The proper way to enter this would be: [6] [^] [4] The result would be 1,296. If you instead entered [6] [EXP] [4], then this would be interpreted as 6×(10^4), or 6×10,000, which would be 60,000.

Is there anything I need to keep in mind when performing calculations that involve trigonometric functions or angles?

Yes. The calculator has three angle modes, and you need to check to make sure that the currently selected angle mode is the correct one for the type of calculation you are trying to perform. If it isn't, you need to change it. Determining the Current Angle Mode Setting The current angle mode setting is indicated on the calculator's display by one of the indicators described below. Degree: If "D" or "DEG" is on the display, it means that the current angle mode is Degree. A degree is 1/360 of the circumference of a circle. One degree is represented as 1゜. The following shows a calculation that uses degrees. sin90°= cos 0°=1 Radian: If "R" or "RAD" is on the display, it means that the current angle mode is Radian. A radian is 1/2πr of the circumference of a circle. Measurement of angles using radians called the "radian system of angular measurement". 1 radian = 360゜/(2π) The following are calculations that use radians. sin(π/2) =1 cos (2π)=1 Grad: If "G" or "GRA" is on the display, it means that the current angle mode is Grad. A grad is 1/400 of the circumference of a circle. The following are calculations that use grads. sin100 grads=cos 400 grads=1 The following shows the relationship between the three angle modes. 90°=π/2 radians=100grads Degree is the initial default angle mode for a standard scientific calculator and a programmable scientific calculator. Changing the Angle Mode S-V.P.A.M., V.P.A.M., fx-4800P, fx-5500LA, fx-3650P, fx-3950P etc. : Press [MODE] to cycle through screens on the display until the angle mode selection screen is appears. Input the number that corresponds to the angle mode you want to select. Standard and programmable scientific calculators other than those indicated above: Press the [MODE] key in combination with the number key that corresponds to the angle mode you want to select. The plate below the display shows which number key you need to press.

How does the [MODE] key work?

The [MODE] key can be used to select the modes described below. Important! The following is a general explanation of Scientific Calculator modes. Note that your calculator may not include all of the modes described here. 1) Calculation Modes Before performing a calculation, you first need to select the appropriate calculation mode. COMP: Basic arithmetic calculations (arithmetic operations, trigonometric functions, etc.) CMPLX: Complex number calculations STAT: Statistical calculations SD: Single-variable statistical calculations (sample standard deviation, etc.) LR or REG: Paired-variable statistical calculations (linear regression statistical calculations, etc.) BASE or BASE-n: Binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal number system calculations MAT or MATRIX : Matrix calculations (determinants, etc.) VCT or VECTOR : Vector calculations EQN : nth degree equations, simultaneous equations TABLE : Generate a number table based on one or two functions 2) Display Settings Use these settings to control how calculation results are displayed. Note that changing the Fix and Sci settings does not affect internal calculation results. Norm: Exponential display format and cancels the currently configured Fix and Sci settings. Fix: Specifies a fixed number of digits to the right of the decimal place. Sci: Specifies a fixed number of significant digits. 3) Angle Unit Setting (90°=π/2 radians=100 grads) Deg: Degrees Rad: Radians Gra: Grads 4) Engineering Mode Use this mode when you want to input and perform calculations using engineering symbols.

Is it possible to accomplish calculations of complex numbers specially in polar form with scientific calculators?

Yes. At the following model,the arithmetic operations on complex numbers can be easily managed using the Calculators. The models: fx-991MS / fx-115MS / fx-912MS / fx-3650P / fx-3950P These kinds of calculations, which are used often in physical and technical fields, are explained here as a supplement to the calculator manual. The complex numbers can be represented in two different forms: Rectangular or Cartesian form: z = x+iy (In some notation j may be used instead of i.) Polar or Phasor form: z = r∠θ or z = |z|e^θi. (In some notations φ may be used instead of θ.) Example 1: Convert the complex number (z = -4+3i) into polar form. 1. In the COMPLEX Mode, set the angle unit to Degree (Deg). [MODE] [2](COMPLEX) [MODE]...[1](Deg) 2. Input the complex numbers z=-4+3i. [(-)][4][+][3][ENG](i)[=] 3. The result in rectangular form. The value of real part: -4 The value of imaginary part after pressing [SHIFT][=] (Re<->Im): 3 (i) 4. The display change of the value of rectangular form is carried out at polar form. The absolute value of the number in polar form after pressing [SHFT][+](>r∠θ)[=]: 5 The angle value after pressing [SHFT][=] (Re<->Im): 143.1301024 The result in polar form :5∠143.1301024 (Angle unit:Deg) Example2: Convert the complex number (2∠60゜) into rectangular form. 1. In the COMPLEX Mode, set the angle unit to Degree (Deg). [MODE] [2](COMPLEX) [MODE]...[1](Deg) 2. Input the complex numbers 2∠60. [2][SHIFT][(-)](∠)[6][0][=] 3. The result in rectangular form. The value of real part: 1 The value of imaginary part after pressing [SHIFT][=] (Re<->Im): 1.732050808 (i) The result in rectangular form: 1+1.732050808i It is possible to work with the angle unit Radian. When angle mode is set as Radian, the angle values can input as pi-Multipliers. (180゜ =π radian.) Above Example2 is calculated in Radian. 1. In the COMPLEX Mode, set the angle unit to Radian(Rad). [MODE][2](COMPLEX) [MODE]...[2](Rad) 2.Input the complex numbers 2∠π/3. (60゜=π/3 radian.) [2][SHIFT][(-)](∠)[SHIFT] [EXP](π)[ab/c] [3][=] 3. The result in rectangular form. The value of real part: 1 The value of imaginary part after pressing [SHIFT][=] (Re<->Im): 1.732050808 (i) Complex Numbers – Calculation (Addition / Subtraction) The two rectangular form complex numbers z1 and z2 are given. : z1 = 4+2i, z2 = -1+5i Example 3: Addition z1+z2=3+7i 1. In the COMPLEX Mode, set the angle unit to Degree (Deg). [MODE] [2](COMPLEX) [MODE]...[1](Deg) 2. Input the value. z1+z2. Displayed Result: The value of real part: 3 The value of imaginary part after pressing [SHIFT] [=](Re<->Im): 7 (i) Example4: Subtraction z1-z2=5-3i 1. In the COMPLEX Mode, set the angle unit to Degree (Deg). [MODE] [2](COMPLEX) [MODE]...[1](Deg) 2. Input the value. z1-z2. Displayed Result: The value of real part: 5 The value of imaginary part after pressing [SHIFT] [=](Re<->Im): -3 (i) Complex Number – Calculation (Multiplication / Division) The two polar form complex numbers z1 and z2 are given.(Angle unit:Degree): z1 =5∠70, z2 = 3∠45 Example 5: Multiplication z1*z2=15∠115 1. Set the complex mode, the polar form for display of complex number calculation results and the angle unit Degree in setting. [MODE][2](COMPLEX) [MODE]...[1](Disp)[right cursor key][2](r∠θ) [MODE]...[1](Deg) 2.Input the value. z1*z2 Displayed Result: The absolute value of the number in polar form : 15 The angle value after pressing [SHFT][=] (Re<->Im): 115 Example6: Division z1/z2= 1.666666667∠ 25 1. Set the complex mode, the polar form for display of complex number calculation results and the angle unit Degree in setting. [MODE][2](COMPLEX) [MODE]...[1](Disp)[right cursor key][2](r∠θ) [MODE]...[1](Deg) 2.Input the value. z1/z2 Displayed Result: The absolute value of the number in polar form : 1.666666667 The angle value after pressing [SHFT][=] (Re<->Im): 25 3.The display change of the value of polar form is carried out at rectangular form. The value of real part after pressing [SHIFT][-](>a+bi)[=]: 1.510512978 The value of imaginary part after pressing [SHIFT][=](Re<->Im): 0.704363769 (i)

Is there anything I need to remember when performing BASE-N and logical operations?

Yes. In addition to decimal values,calculations can be performed using binary, octal and hexadecimal values. Calculation results in the BASE-N Mode are always displayed using the currently selected number system. You can change the number system setting to change a value to another number system. You can also perform negative value calculations and logical operations. Note: When inputting hexadecimal values, use the keys marked with red or green alphabetic letters to input A, B, C, D, E, and F. In this case, you do not need to press the [ALPHA] key before pressing the letter key. Converting from BASE-N to Decimal Number system Base example (Decimal number 28) Result Binary 2 1x 2 4 + 1x 2 3 + 1x 2 2 + 0x 2 1 + 0x2 0 11100 Octal 8 3x 8 1 + 4x 8 0 34 Decimal 10 2x 10 1 + 8x 10 0 28 Hexadecimal 16 1x 16 1 + 12x 16 0 1C The following are calculations using the fx-991MS. Operation on other scientific calculator models (fx-115MS, fx-115WA, fx-991WA, fx-3650P, etc.) is similar. Example: To convert the decimal value 28 to its binary equivalent. 1.In the BASE Mode, specify decimal as the default number base setting. [MODE] [MODE] [3](BASE) [X 2 ](Dec) 2.Input the decimal value 28. [2] [8] [=] 3. Specify binary as the desired number base. [log](BIN) Displayed Result: 11100 Logical operations Logical operations display the results of the bitwise logical product (and), logical sum (or), exclusive logical sum (Xor,Exor), and exclusive negative logical sum (Xnor). In the case of negative binary, octal, and decimal values, the two's complement of the binary equivalent of the value is taken and then result is returned to its original number base value. With the decimal number base, negative values are displayed with a minus sign. Truth Table A B A And B A Or B A Nand B A Nor B A Xor B 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 A Nand B is equivalent to: Not (A and B) A Nor B is equivalent to: Not (A or B) A Xor B is equivalent to : (A Or B) And (Not(A)Or Not(B)) Examples: To take the bitwise Or and Xor of the hexadecimal values 19 and 1A, and convert the results to binary values. Or Operation: 19 Or 1A 1.In the BASE Mode, specify hexadecimal as the default number base setting. [MODE] [MODE] [3](BASE) [^](Hex) 2. Input the hexadecimal value 19. [1] [9] 3. Input the logical operator. [x -1 ](LOGIC) [2](or) 4. Input the hexadecimal value 1A, which will display the hexadecimal result. [1] [( - )](A) [=] Displayed Result: 1b 5. Specify binary as the desired number base. [log](BIN) Displayed Result: 11011 Xor Operation: 19 Xor 1A 1.In the BASE Mode, specify hexadecimal as the default number base setting. [MODE] [MODE] [3](BASE) [^](Hex) 2. Input the hexadecimal value 19. [1] [9] 3. Input the logical operator. [x -1 ](LOGIC) [x -1 ](LOGIC) [1](xor) 4. Input the hexadecimal value 1A, which will display the hexadecimal result. [1] [( - )](A) [=] Displayed Result: 3 5. Specify binary as the desired number base. [log](BIN) Displayed Result: 11

Is it possible to accomplish time calculations with scientific calculators?

Yes. It is possible. The sexagesimal base number is based on the number 60. This base number is used for time and angle measurement. Time measures( 1 hour=60 minutes, 1 minute =60seconds) Casio scientific calculators can carry out time calculations as well as angle calculations . The following are calculations using the fx-115MS. Operation on other scientific calculator models ( fx-991MS, fx-115WA, fx-991WA, fx-3650P, fx-82ES, etc.) is similar. Examples: To convert the decimal value 2.258 to a sexagesimal value Key Operation: [2] [.] [2] [5] [8] [=] [ °‘‘‘ ] Displayed Result: 2° 15° 28.8° (2 hours 15 minutes and 28.8 seconds) Time calculation with sexagesimal values: 5 hours 34 minutes and 48 seconds are to be added to 8 hours 16 minutes and 51 seconds. Key Operation: [5] [ °‘‘‘ ] [3] [4] [ °‘‘‘ ] [4] [8] [ °‘‘‘ ] [+] [8] [ °‘‘‘ ] [1] [6] [ °‘‘‘ ] [5] [1] [ °‘‘‘ ] [=] Displayed Result: 13°51°39° (13 hours 51 minutes and 39 seconds) The result can be converted into decimal value. Key Operation [ °‘‘‘ ] Displayed Result: 13.86083333

After performing a sequence of calculations in S-V.P.A.M. Series, when I attempt to store the answer in memory, the value changes to something else altogether.

If you perform a simple two-step operation, then after pressing the [=] key, you can press [SHIFT] [STO] [M] to store the answer into memory. Example: 9-2, press [=] and the answer is 7, then press [SHIFT] [STO] [M] and 7 is stored in memory. If you perform additional calculations after that (using the answer from the previous calculation), then the calculator will begin using answer memory (as seen by Ans on the display). When you are finished with the calculation, and press [SHIFT] [STO] [M], it will repeat the last calculation and store its result into memory instead. Example: 3×3, press [=] and the answer is 9. Then press [-] [2] [=] to subtract 2 from that answer, and the new answer is 7. Then press [SHIFT] [STO] [M], and 5 is stored in memory (because it subtracted 2 from the 7 that was in answer memory). If you perform multiple calculations in sequence and have an answer that you want to store in memory, press [Ans] followed by [SHIFT] [STO] [M]. This may also apply to other calculators in S-V.P.A.M. series, such as fx-991MS.

How does the [MODE] key work?

The [MODE] key can be used to select the modes described below. Important! The following is a general explanation of Scientific Calculator modes. Note that your calculator may not include all of the modes described here. 1) Calculation Modes Before performing a calculation, you first need to select the appropriate calculation mode. COMP: Basic arithmetic calculations (arithmetic operations, trigonometric functions, etc.) COMPLEX: Complex number calculations STAT: Statistical calculations BASE-N: Binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal number system calculations MATRIX : Matrix calculations (determinants, etc.) VECTOR : Vector calculations EQN : nth degree equations, simultaneous equations TABLE : Generate a number table based on one or two functions 2) MthIO/LineIO Settings Specifies the display format. MthIO-MathO or MthIO displays input and calculation results using the same format as they are written on Paper. MthIO-LineO displays input the same way as MathO, but calculation results are displayed in linear format. (ES PLUS Series only) LineIO causes fractions and other expressions to be displays in a single line. 3) Display Settings Use these settings to control how calculation results are displayed. Note that changing the Fix and Sci settings does not affect internal calculation results. Norm: Exponential display format and cancels the currently configured Fix and Sci settings. Fix: Specifies a fixed number of digits to the right of the decimal place. Sci: Specifies a fixed number of significant digits. 4) Angle Unit Setting (90°=π/2 radians=100 grads) Deg: Degrees Rad: Radians Gra: Grads

Logarithm of a number to an arbitrary base

Logarithms in base 10 (common logarithm) and e (natural logarithm) can be calculated directly using the keyboard. But if someone wants to calculate a logarithm in any other base, he has to convert this logarithm to a logarithm in base 10 using the following equation: log X Y = log Y / log X (log X Y is the log of Y in base X and log Y is the log of Y in base 10. ) The correctness or validity of this equation can be verified simply. In this way then it is possible to calculate the logarithm of a number to any base with Casio’s scientific/graphical calculators . Note: With a graphic calculator such logarithms can also be drawn. At the following model, you can specify base X using the syntax”log(X,Y)”. The models: ClassPad Series At the following model, you can specify base a using the syntax”logab”. The models: fx-9860GIII Series, fx-CG Series

What do the letters V.P.A.M. stand for (fx-992s, fx-670s, fx-122s, etc.)?

V.P.A.M. stands for "Visually Perfect Algebraic Method". This is the ability to input mathematical expressions as they are written. With a model not equipped with V.P.A.M., for example, you would input the expression sin90゜ using the key operation: [9][0][sin][=]. With a V.P.A.M. calculator, you would input [sin] [9][0][=].

The calculator shows the results as a fraction.

1. After the result of the operation is shown press the [ S<=>D ] button (below picture). It changes the fraction to decimal number. Using this button you can change between the decimal number form and fraction form. 2. After entering the operation press the [ SHIFT ] button followed by [ = ] instead of [ = ] button. 3. Change the calculator mode from "MathIO" to "LineIO" by pressing the buttons [ SHIFT ] followed by [ MODE ] and then the number [ 2 ] for "LineIO". In "LineIO" Mode the result of a opeation is always shown as a decimal number. Note: If you enter π or a multiplicator of it and press the [ = ] button the result would be again π or a multiplicator of it. With the help of above mentioned steps you can change the result to a decimal value.

What do the letters S-V.P.A.M. stand for (fx-991MS, fx-220PLUS, etc.)?

S-V.P.A.M. stands for "Super Visually Perfect Algebraic Method". This is the ability to input mathematical expressions as they are written, along with the ability to view expressions and results at the same time. The display of S-V.P.A.M. shows two lines at a time.

What is "NATURAL-V.P.A.M","Natural Display" or "Natural Textbook Display"?

A significant difference between the calculators of the fx-ESPLUS series (fx-ES Series) and the older calculators is the " NATURAL-V.P.A.M", " Natural Display" or "Natural Textbook Display". These terms refer to the ability of the calculators of fx-ESPLUS series ( fx- ES series) to display the mathematical operations and terms truthfully. If you want to input fractions, derivatives, integrals and many other operations with the other calculators you have to notice some points. First you have to learn how to input these terms. After you input the term the shown display is different from the familiar appearance in the mathematics books. This is specially for the students in lower grades and beginners in mathematics a big problem. They have to get used to two different demonstrations of the same operation. The new Casio calculators of fx- ESPLUS series ( fx- ES series) can display the fractions, derivatives, integrals, sums and other operations similar to their display in mathematics books. The advantage is that the input procedure is much more easier and the display is more clear. In the following lines we have compared the both arts of calculators in this point. We have shown in each picture the input as well as the output of each operation. Operation fx- ES PLUS Series ( fx- ES Series) other calculators Fraction Derivative definite Integral Sum

How can I save the battery power of my ClassPad?

You can save the battery power of your ClassPad doing either or both of the following procedures. 1. Your ClassPad has a "resume" feature that remembers its status when you turn it off , and restores the same status the next time you turn the ClassPad on. Resume feature operation requires power to operate, which means that some power continues to be consumed even when the ClassPad is turned off. The power saving mode lets you choose how long the resume feature to be operated after you turn off the ClassPad unit. After the time limit you specified is reached, the resume feature is deactivated. 2. During the USB connection with the PC, the ClassPad will be powered from the USB port of the PC. A physical connection with a running PC is enough to power the ClassPad. A Software connection via ClassPad Manager or other applications is not necessary. Tip: To save the battery power connect the ClassPad to a running PC if possible.

The calculator shows the results as a fraction. How can I change it to display a decimal answer?

1. After the result of the operation is shown press the [ F<=>D ] or [ S<=>D ] button. It changes the fraction to decimal number. Using this button you can change between the decimal number form and fraction form. 2. Also, using the division button, instead of our fraction button, will display answers as a decimal.

What kind of image file can be used?

You can use only the image file which is an original format (g3p/g3b). For the details, please click the following URL: https://edu.casio.com/products/supportinformation/

When an answer is given in fraction form, how do I change that fraction into a mixed number?

1. If you wanted the mixed answer press [SHIFT] [S<=>D], this will give you the mixed number. 2.Operation:[SHIFT][MODE]（SETUP)[DOWN][1] (ab/c) In "ab/c" Mode the result of an operation is always shown as a mixed number.

Why aren't exponents/powers being calculated properly when I use the [EXP] or [×10^x] key?

The [EXP] and [×10^x] keys are used for scientific notation, not for entering powers. It is the same as saying "times 10 to the power of". Whatever number is entered immediately after that is the power that 10 is raised to. To raise a number to a power, use the [^] key. For example, let us say you want to enter 6 to the 4th power. The proper way to enter this would be: [6] [^] [4] The result would be 1,296. If you instead entered [6] [EXP] [4], then this would be interpreted as 6×(10^4), or 6×10,000, which would be 60,000.

Can we use a separator per each 3 digits at scientific calculators?

Yes, it is available at S-V.P.A.M. (fx-82MS, fx-991MS, fx-220PLUS, etc.) only when the integer part of the mantissa has more than three digits.

Can I connect the ClassPad to a personal computer?

The following ClassPad Series have USB storage function: 　ClassPadII fx-CP400 fx-CP400+E fx-CG500

How is the ClassPad different from a conventional graphing calculator?

For the details, please click the following URL: https://edu.casio.com/ https://edu.casio.com/products/cg/cp2/

Is there some simple way to change the angle unit setting between degrees, radians, and grads?

You can change the default angle unit setting as explained here . Some models also support angle unit conversion, which lets you specify the angle unit as you input a value. The specified angle unit overrides the default angle unit mode setting. For example (fx-991MS/fx-82ES) To input 90゜ (degrees) while the default angle unit mode is radians. Key Operation: [9][0][DRG->][1](°)[=]

Is it possible to accomplish calculations of complex numbers specially in polar form with scientific calculators?

Yes. The arithmetic operations on complex numbers can be easily managed using the Calculators. These kinds of calculations, which are used often in physical and technical fields, are explained here as a supplement to the calculator manual. The complex numbers can be represented in two different forms: Rectangular or Cartesian form: z = x+iy (In some notation j may be used instead of i.) Polar or Phasor form: z = r∠θ or z = |z|e^θi. (In some notations φ may be used instead of θ.) Example 1: Convert the complex number (z = -4+3i) into polar form. 1. In the COMPLEX Mode, set the angle unit to Degree (Deg). [MODE] [2](COMPLEX) [SHIFT] [MODE] [3](Deg) [SHIFT] [MODE] [Down][3](CMPLX) [2](r∠ θ ) 2. Input the complex numbers z=-4+3i. [(-)][4][+][3][ENG](i)[=] The result in polar form : 5∠143.1301024 Example2: Convert the complex number (2∠60 ° ) into rectangular form. Input the complex numbers 2∠60 ° [2][SHIFT][(-)](∠)[6][0] [SHIFT][2](CMPLX)[4]( -> a+bi)[=] Displayed Result (Natural Display) : 1+√3i Displayed Result (Line) :1+1.732050808i

Is there anything I need to remember when performing BASE-N and logical operations?

Yes. In addition to decimal values,calculations can be performed using binary, octal and hexadecimal values. Calculation results in the BASE-N Mode are always displayed using the currently selected number system. You can change the number system setting to change a value to another number system. You can also perform negative value calculations and logical operations. Note: When inputting hexadecimal values, use the keys marked with red or green alphabetic letters to input A, B, C, D, E, and F. In this case, you do not need to press the [ALPHA] key before pressing the letter key. Converting from BASE-N to Decimal Number system Base example (Decimal number 28) Result Binary 2 1x 2 4 + 1x 2 3 + 1x 2 2 + 0x 2 1 + 0x2 0 11100 Octal 8 3x 8 1 + 4x 8 0 34 Decimal 10 2x 10 1 + 8x 10 0 28 Hexadecimal 16 1x 16 1 + 12x 16 0 1C The following are calculations using the fx-991ESPLUS. Example: To convert the decimal value 28 to its binary equivalent. 1.In the BASE Mode, specify decimal as the default number base setting. [MODE] [4](BASE-N) [X 2 ](Dec) 2.Input the decimal value 28. [2] [8] [=] 3. Specify binary as the desired number base. [log](BIN) Displayed Result: 0000000000011100 (Bin) Logical operations Logical operations display the results of the bitwise logical product (and), logical sum (or), exclusive logical sum (Xor,Exor), and exclusive negative logical sum (Xnor). In the case of negative binary, octal, and decimal values, the two's complement of the binary equivalent of the value is taken and then result is returned to its original number base value. With the decimal number base, negative values are displayed with a minus sign. Truth Table A B A And B A Or B A Nand B A Nor B A Xor B 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 A Nand B is equivalent to: Not (A and B) A Nor B is equivalent to: Not (A or B) A Xor B is equivalent to : (A Or B) And (Not(A)Or Not(B)) Examples: To take the bitwise Or and Xor of the hexadecimal values 19 and 1A, and convert the results to binary values. Or Operation: 19 Or 1A 1.In the BASE Mode, specify hexadecimal as the default number base setting. [MODE] [4](BASE-N) [^] (Hex) 2. Input the hexadecimal value 19. [1] [9] 3. Input the logical operator. [SHIFT] [3](BASE) [2](or) 4. Input the hexadecimal value 1A, which will display the hexadecimal result. [1] [( - )](A) [=] Displayed Result: 1B (Hex) 5. Specify binary as the desired number base. [log](BIN) Displayed Result: 0000000000011011 Xor Operation: 19 Xor 1A 1.In the BASE Mode, specify hexadecimal as the default number base setting. [MODE] [4](BASE-N) [^] (Hex) 2. Input the hexadecimal value 19. [1] [9] 3. Input the logical operator. [SHIFT] [3](BASE) [3] (xor) 4. Input the hexadecimal value 1A, which will display the hexadecimal result. [1] [( - )](A) [=] Displayed Result: 3 (Hex) 5. Specify binary as the desired number base. [log](BIN) Displayed Result: 0000000000000011(Bin)

Is there anything I need to keep in mind when performing calculations that involve trigonometric functions or angles?

Yes. The calculator has three angle modes, and you need to check to make sure that the currently selected angle mode is the correct one for the type of calculation you are trying to perform. If it isn't, you need to change it. Determining the Current Angle Mode Setting The current angle mode setting is indicated on the calculator's display by one of the indicators described below. Degree: If "D" is on the display, it means that the current angle mode is Degree. A degree is 1/360 of the circumference of a circle. One degree is represented as 1゜. The following shows a calculation that uses degrees. sin90°= cos 0°=1 Radian: If "R" is on the display, it means that the current angle mode is Radian. A radian is 1/2πr of the circumference of a circle. Measurement of angles using radians called the "radian system of angular measurement". 1 radian = 360゜/(2π) The following are calculations that use radians. sin(π/2) =1 cos (2π)=1 Grad: If "G" is on the display, it means that the current angle mode is Grad. A grad is 1/400 of the circumference of a circle. The following are calculations that use grads. sin100 grads=cos 400 grads=1 The following shows the relationship between the three angle modes. 90°=π/2 radians=100grads Degree is the initial default angle mode for a standard scientific calculator. Changing the Angle Mode Press [SHIFT] [MODE] key in combination with the number key that corresponds to the angle mode you want to select.

Why do results appear in exponential form?

This happens when Norm1 (exponential display range), which is the initial default setting, is selected for the number of display digits. Changing the setting to Norm2 will expand the display range, which will display results without using exponential form. Example: 1/200 　　 Norm1: 5*10＾-3 Norm2: 0.005 Operation: [SHIFT] [MENU] [3] (Number Format) [3] (Norm) [2] This changes the exponential display range to Norm2.

When I type in radical -1, I get an error.

Your calculator is not in a+bi or imaginary mode. Under the main menu, press shift menu, scroll down to complex mode, and select f2, for a+bi, then EXE

Can the fx-CG Series simplify equations such as 3a+5 + 4a -8 to 7a-3?

The fx-CG Series can not do this mainly because if it did, it would be considered a CAS calculator and not be allowed on most standardized test. We do have a CAS calculator called the Classpad that will do this though.

The table I created only produces five coordinate pairs; how do I set it to show more?

After entering your expression into the Table mode, press (SET). This will allow you to set up the appearance of the table. Also note, while viewing your table, you can type in your own independent values and the calculator will display the corresponding dependent value, allowing you to create custom tables at the touch of a button.

How do I upgrade to the latest version of ClassPad Handheld OS?

For the details, please click the following URL: https://edu.casio.com/download/index.php

Is there anything I need to remember when performing BASE-N and logical operations?

Yes. In addition to decimal values, calculations can be performed using binary, octal and hexadecimal values. Specify the base number in the "Mode" setting on the SETUP screen. Calculation results are always displayed according to the current base number setting. Use [F3 ] (DISP) to convert the base number. A, B, C, D, E, F used in hexadecimal use the alphabetic keys. In this case, it is not necessary to press the [ALPHA] key before pressing the letter key.

Is there anything I need to keep in mind when performing calculations that involve trigonometric functions or angles?

The scientific calculator has three angle modes, and you need to check to make sure that the currently selected angle mode is the correct one for the type of calculation you are trying to perform. The "Angle" setting on the calculator's setup screen will show one of the three angle unit indicators. If it isn't, you need to change it.

Logarithm of a number to an arbitrary base

Logarithms in base 10 (common logarithm) and e (natural logarithm) can be calculated directly using the keyboard. However if someone wants to calculate a logarithm in any other base, he has to convert this logarithm to a logarithm in base 10 using the following equation: log b a = log a / log b (log b a is the log of a in base b and log a is the log of a in base 10.) The correctness or validity of this equation can be verified simply. In this way then it is possible to calculate the logarithm of a number to any base with Casio’s scientific/graphical calculators.

Logarithm of a number to an arbitrary base

[log]key : L ogarithms in base a as log(a, b). Base 10 is the default setting if you do not input anything for a (common logarithm). [ln]key : Logarithms in base e (natural logarithm) . [ log a b]key also can be used for input, but only while Natural Display is selected.

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